Preventing heat stress in farm animals

With temperatures soaring over the last few days heat stress has become a problem in ruminants according to vet Frank O'Sullivan of Patrick Farrelly & Partners vets in Scurlockstown, Trim."

"Current temperatures over the past few days we are experiencing a high number of heat stress calls", he said. "It is important to take measures to avoid heat stress in your herd."

Below are some signs of and preventative measures for heat stress.

What are the signs?

- Reduced feed intake, grazing more at cooler times of day

- Reduced milk production

- Lethargy, standing with heads bowed

- Increased salivation

- Ruminal acidosis

- Increased breathing rates, often shallow panting with open mouth breathing

- Increased water intake

- Bunching together if shade is not available

Animals suffering from heat stroke will show further neurological signs, such as wobbling, staggered gait or unable to stand. Pupils are dilated and may have impaired vision. Once heat stroke occurs the animal will no longer drink water so dehydration can be severe. They rapidly progress to comatose states and the condition is fatal if not treated promptly.

Young stock, dark coloured cattle and high yielding milkers are particularly susceptible.

Flies also cause cattle to bunch together in the field which in turn decreases cooling therefore spot on products are recommended to reduce fly burden.

How to prevent heat stress?

Make sure animals on pasture have adequate shade and access to water at all times. Cattle lose a lot of water trying to control their body temperature in this weather so can dehydrate very quickly.

If the field has no shelter consider taking animals into cooler sheds for the duration of the day and allow out to graze from evening onwards once the temperature drops.